Wind or current operated wheel



(No Model.) 7 2 Sheets-Sheet 11 J. P. KELSO. WIND 0R GURRENT OPERATEDWHEEL.

N0.-51 \2,712. Patented Jan. 16, 1894.

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(No Model;) zsheets-sheet 2 J. P..KEL S0. v WIND 0R CURRENT OPERATEDWHEEL No. 512,712. Pat'ented Jan. 16,1894

IN VEN TOI? i Jamzs P. M15 0,

ATTOHN TNLNATIONAL LIIHOGMFHXNG COMPANY.

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WITNESSES:

U ITED STATES PATENT, Gr mes.

JAMES P. KELSO, or JACKSON, BROWN COUNTY, INDIANA.

WIND R CURRENT OPERATED WHEEL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,712, dated January16, 1894. Application filed January 10.1393. Serial No. 457,896. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern.-

zen of the United States, residing at Jackson flatwise to said currentand thus be driven:

township, in the county of Brown and State of Indiana, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Wind or Current Operated Wheels,of which the following is a specification.

The object of my said invention is to pro-.

duce a wheel to be operated by an air or other current, in which theblades upon one side which travel against the current shall be presentededgewise to said current, and in which those on the other side whichtravel in the direction of said current are to be presented thereby.

Said invention will be first fully described and then pointed out in theclaims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

which are made a part hereof, and on which similar letters of referenceindicate similar parts, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a windmillembodying my said invention; Fig. 2 a horizontal view looking downwardlyon the dotted line 22 therein, the blades above said point being alsoshown by means of dotted lines; Fig. 3 a side elevation of the mechanismembodying the principal features of my invention, with a portion of theblades removed and Fig. 4. a sectional View on the dotted lin 44 in Fig.3. In said drawings the portions marked A represent the main shaft; B ahub thereon carrymg the blades; 0 the cam loosely mounted on said shaftbelow said hub; D a rudder secured to said cam; E a regulator secured tosaid cam, and F shafts having bends or arms whereby the operation of themachine may be automatically stopped when employed in certain uses.

The shaft A extends from the bottomto the 1 distance. The shaft Aextends up some dis- Be it known that 1, JAMES P. KELSO, a cititanceabove said hub, and stay-rods r, extend therefrom to the ends of the armI), and support the same, as shown in Fig. 1. Upon these arms I) aremounted the wings or blades B by which the machine is driven. Said wingsor blades are so mounted as to pivot loosely on said arms, and thebearings are exactly central therewith, so thatwhatever position theyassume the wind or current pressure will be equal upon both sides of thebearings. At the inner end are preferably extensions or cross-bars bwhich rest upon the top of the cam C'as the wheel revolves, and theseare extended or weighted slightly at the lower end, or a smalladditional weight is provided at some point on the lower side of each ofsaid blades or wings, thus causing them to assume a vertical rather thana horizontal position when free from the influence of any device orforce. They will thus naturally assume the position shown at the rightof Fig. l, and thus be under the influence of the wind or current. Thisoperation will be more fully described in connection with thedescription of the cam C.

The cam O is loosely mounted upon the shaft A, and is adapted to revolvefreely around the same. One side of said cam is so positioned that thearms in passing over it may be raised up to a level horizontal position,and thus presented edgewise to the current, where they will encounterthe least resistance. On the other side the cam slopes down wardly to apoint, which permits the wings or blades to be substantially vertical orcrosswise of the current, and thus be subject to its greatest force.Extending out from a median line through this cam is the armwhich'oa'rries the rudder, whereby the cam is kept in proper relativeposition to the direction ofthe operating current or force, as will bepresently described, and opposite thereto,

upon-the other side of the cam, is another arm upon which the regulatoris mounted, as

will also be presently described. Pivoted to.

the two sides of this cam is a bail-like device 0', whereby, uponoccasion, a level can be produced and maintained entirely around the topof the cam, keeping the blades all edgewise to the current, and thuspractically inoperative. The cam being held substantially stationary bythe rudder, the blades, in

revolving, are first presented fiatwise to the current and drivenforward, and then edgewise to the current as they come back on the otherside, and this movement is in continual succession, thus bringing eachblade into position to receive the full force of the current as itreaches the appropriate position therefor, and then into position to besubstantially free from said force.

The rudder D is a large flat structure arranged to present its edge tothe current, and is mounted on an arm D extending out from the cam 0.Its size and position are such that it controls the position in whichthe cam shall remain, said rudder being at all times substantially inline with the direction of the current.

The regulator E is mounted upon an arm 0 on the cam, and is presentedsidewise to the current so as to receive the force thereof, said plate,however, being much smaller than the plate of the rudder. It has an armE which extends back and engages with the device C pivoted to the cam,and as the current increases in strength the tendencyis to force thisregulator back, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 3, and thus raisethe device 0 toward a level, which reduces the angle at which the bladesor wings are presented to the current; or, if the current becomes strongenough, raises said device 0 to a level, causing the wings or blades toremain fiat in a horizontal position, and reducing the effect of thecurrent thereon to a minimum, all as will be readily understood. Thisregulator may be adjusted by varying the position of an adjustableweight e on the arm E.

The shafts F have outward bonds or arms, and are pivoted upon thehead-block of the frame, and upon them rests a plate F. Levers extendout from the ends of said shafts,

and to these a cord 13 is connected, which runs down to a point where itmaybe reached from the bottom and operated. When said shafts areoperated,theylift the plate F',and

through it the device 0, with the same effect that the regulator hasthereon, the only difference being that this may be done at any time atwill; whereas, the regulator operates only as the operating currentvaries in force. Upon the lower end of this cord F (when the wheel isused to operatea pump) may be hung a bucket, or other receptacle, E",which may be positioned just under the overflow of the tank or trough Tinto which the pump ordinarily discharges. .The operation in such a caseis, that whenever the tanker trough is full, the overflow will run intothis bucket weight- Having thus fully described my said invention, whatI claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with the pivoted wings of a wheel, and a cam bywhich the same are operated, of a device 0 pivoted to the cam, aregulator adapted to be operated also by the current, and an armextending from said regulator and engaging with said device,'whereby thesame may be raised, and the angle of the cam thus reduced or rendered aplane surface, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination of pivoted blades or wings, a cam, an adjustabledevice secured to said cam, a plate below the same, pivoted shaftshaving side extensions or arms thereon below said plate, and meanswhereby the same may be operated and the device upon the cam raised,substantially as shown and described and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination, in a wind wheel, with the pivoted blades or wingsand the cam by which they are operated, of a device for reducing theangle of said cam or rendering it a plane surface, mechanism by whichsaid device is operated, a pump, a tank or trough, and a bucket attachedto said mechanism and positioned under the overflow of said tank ortrough, whereby said mechanism may be antomatically operated by means ofthe overflow of the tank afterit is filled, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with horizontally pivoted blades or wings, and a camover which they are adapted to pass and whereby the positions thereofare shifted, of a bail-like de vice O pivoted to the sides of said camand practically forming a part thereof, which said device is adapted tobe raised and become the cam surface, which said cam surface is thusrendered variable.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, atIndianapolis,lndiana, this 5th day of January, A. D. 1893.

JAMES P. KELSO. [L.

Witnesses:

CHESTER BRADFORD, J AMES A. WALSH.

